Circuit-Zone.com - Electronic Projects
Posted on Thursday, June 2, 2016 • Category: Power Supplies
After many years of employing this ugly and clumsy bench power supply, I decided it was time to build something better, smaller and nice looking. It began as a variable power supply based on an LM338 5A voltage regulator and external power adapter. LM338's Data Sheet has several very helpful application notes and circuits. I chose one that illustrated variable output and included protection diodes. Diodes are included to protect the regulator from damage in case the input is accidentally shorted to ground. This is a distinct possibility if using jumpers to attach it to the power supply. Also the output of station supply may be shorted if some other device fails. Without the diodes, if this happens, the capacitors will dump their charge back through the regulator. Since the current spike may be many amps, the regulator may fail. The diodes steer the current around the regulator and into ground, thereby protecting it from damage. With adequate input the LM338 makes a fabulous variable power supply. This small supply is user friendly and fits nicely on my cluttered bench.
Posted on Friday, May 20, 2016 • Category: FM Transmitters
 Pen FM Transmitter bug projects have been very popular. The idea of being able to hide a transmitter in a pen is very appealing. In an effort to reduce the size of this design, we have used surface-mount components. Firstly, the thought of using the coil in the tank circuit for transmitting RF was a little far fetched, but we used it as an example for those who were interested in experimenting with our circuits. Now we have gone back to a conventional antenna, the whip. The whip or straight-line antenna can be coiled, wound longitudinally or folded. The way it is wound makes a big difference to its effectiveness, but when you are limited in space, you have to accept these limitations.
Even though we have used this antenna set up in our previous pen bugs we have considerably improved the circuit to the point were it has low battery consumption, but high RF output. The size of this design has been reduced considerably by using surface-mount components.
Posted on Monday, May 16, 2016 • Category: FM Transmitters
 Three stage FM transmitter with an on board signal booster for increased transmitting range. It broadcasts audio on 76MHz - 110MHz FM frequency via included on board microphone or from MP3 player, Phone, iPod, Computer, Laptop, CD Player, TV, Satellite Receiver via on board 3.5mm connector. It transmit sound with excellent clarity throughout your home, office, yard, camp ground, etc. Transmitter is supplied by 3-12V DC voltage and uses one 2SC9014 and two 2SC9018 low noise RF transistors.
Posted on Saturday, April 16, 2016 • Category: FM Transmitters
 I found this FM transmitter circuit on the internet, it works very well and it is very simple to build, even for amateurs. I managed to squeeze all the parts on small 1.5 x 2 cm PCB. When using small wire antenna and 3V power the range is 50m. The coil has 10 turns on a 3 mm diameter and is wound with 0.3 mm copper wire. The microphone is an electret type. Transmitting frequency is changed by stretching or compressing the coil. Furthermore, we can change the frequency by changing C2 capacitor (10pF capacitor with a frequency of about 88MHz, with 8.2pF 95Mhz and 6.8pF 104Mhz). Further tuning to the correct frequency is done through the coil. Transmitter can be powered by 3V button battery.
Posted on Sunday, April 3, 2016 • Category: FM Transmitters
 This easy to build transmitter transmits high quality stereo sound from your MP3 player, computer, walkman or discman to any FM radio or car radio. The circuit is designed around the BA1404 single chip FM stereo transmitter from ROHM. The IC requires only a small number of external parts so it is well suited for hobbyist projects. The chip features excellent frequency stability, low power consumption & good channel separation. The transmitting RF frequency can be set by adjusting the coil (Lx). This 2 turn coils is paired with a 39 pF capacitor (Cx) to give a frequency range from 87 MHz - 106 MHz.
Posted on Sunday, March 20, 2016 • Category: FM Transmitters
 This FM VHF transmitter will output approximately 250mW of RF power using a 2N3866 output transistor and can operate between 75MHz and 146MHz. It utilities a variable high gain audio pre-amplifier which can detect voices 40 feet away using an electret microphone. Using a NBFM scanner, ranges over 5KM have been achieved using a 48cm wire antenna. Coils are 22SWG 7mm air core. L1 and L2 should be 6 turns for 75MHz to 85MHz, 4 turns for 85MHz to 100MHz and 3 turns for 100 to 146MHz. For frequencies over 100MHz the Crystal will be higher than 20MHz hence the base emitter capacitor should be 47pF. L3 is a 4.7uH choke. It is ideal to tune up this circuit using a wave detector meter placed a few inches away from the transmitter.
Posted on Tuesday, February 23, 2016 • Category: FM Transmitters
 Have you ever wanted to broadcast your own radio station within your neighborhood? This small and simple 87-108MHz FM transmitter is the toy that geeks have always wanted. This tutorial includes the PCB layout and the schematics. It has a range of up to 1/4 mile or more. It's great for room monitoring, baby listening and nature research.
Posted on Tuesday, February 16, 2016 • Category: Power Supplies
 This is a high quality bench power supply with adjustable output voltage from 0 to 30V and adjustable output current from few miliamperes to 4 amperes. Built-in electronic output current limiter that effectively controls the output current makes this power supply indispensable in the experimenters laboratory as it is possible to limit the current to the typical maximum that a circuit under test may require, and power it up then, without any fear that it may be damaged if something goes wrong. There is also a visual indication that the current limiter is in operation so that you can see at a glance that your circuit is exceeding or not its preset limits.
Posted on Wednesday, February 3, 2016 • Category: FM Transmitters
 FM transmitters can be complicated to build, but not this one — this iPod FM transmitter about the easiest you can possibly make. And though the science of radio is well understood, there’s a magical, emotional quality about it that we don’t often stop to appreciate. You will not forget the first time you pick up a transmission broadcast from a device you soldered together, yourself, from a few bits of copper, carbon, plastic, and wire.
Posted on Monday, January 18, 2016 • Category: FM Transmitters
The circuit is a simple 88-108 MHz VHF FM transmitter circuit. It is basically a VHF Colpitts oscillator capable of transmitting sound or music to any standard FM receiver. The circuit is powered by 9V battery which makes it easily portable. It also has a capacitor microphone which picks up very weak sound signals. The output frequency can be easily adjusted by potentiometer thanks to onboard MV2109 varicap diode and the frequency stability is quite good. The range of this transmitter is 100 meters.
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